Assessing the bone-healing potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in jawbone osteoporosis in albino rats.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is one of the most common yet difficult to treat diseases. It affects millions of people and costs the health care systems billions worldwide. All of the available kinds of pharmacological treatment have multiple side effects, which is why a need for safer treatment options has emerged. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the bone-healing potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM­MSCs) in jawbone osteoporosis in Wistar albino rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Osteoporosis was induced with a daily intraperitoneal injection of 200 µg/100 g dexamethasone for 1 month. The rats were then randomly distributed into 2 groups: the osteoporotic group (left untreated); and the BM­MSCs group (received an intravenous injection of 50 million cultured BM­MSCs). Half of the rats from each group were sacrificed 2 weeks and the other half 6 weeks after the introduction of treatment. Bone regeneration was assessed by means of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT­PCR), as well as the histopathological and histomorphometric analyses. RESULTS: As for the 1st sacrifice time, there were no significant differences between the osteoporotic and BM­MSCs groups with regard to all parameters except for bone mineral density (BMD), which was significantly higher in the BM­MSCs group. Regarding the 2nd sacrifice time, the DEXA analysis showed a significant increase in BMD in the BM­MSCs group (p < 0.001). The RT­PCR analysis showed a significant decrease in RANKL gene expression (p < 0.001) and a significant increase in OPG gene expression (p < 0.001) in the BM­MSCs group. In addition, the histopathological examination of the BM­MSCs group showed pronounced healing progress in the jawbone microarchitecture. The histomorphometric analysis also revealed that the bone area percentage significantly increased in the BM­MSCs group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study proved that BM­MSCs could be effective in the treatment of osteoporosis.

The anti-osteoporotic effect of Moringa oleifera leaves extract on glucocorticoids-induced jawbone osteoporosis in Albino rats / Efeito anti-osteoporótico dos extratos de folhas de Moringa oleifera em osteoporose maxilar induzida por glicocorticóides em ratos albinos

Objective: Glucocorticoids induced osteoporosis and its related fragility fractures represent a costly human and socioeconomic load worldwide. All the current pharmacological therapies possess multiple adverse effects and high cost. Thus, the pesent study aimed to evaluate the bone healing ability of Moringa oleifera (MO) on glucocorticoids induced osteoporosis in the jawbone of Albino rats. Material and Methods: Osteoporosis was prompted by a daily intraperitoneal injection of 200 µg/ 100 g dexamethasone for 30 days. Next,the animals were randomly divided into 2 groups; osteoporotic and MO treated group. The treated group receivd a daily oral dose of 200mg/kg of MO. Rats from the MO group were sacrificed after 4 weeks from the beginning of treatment, and the same sacrifice date was used for the osteoporotic group. Bone regeneration was evaluated by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), histopathological and histomorphometric examination. Results: After the sacrifice, the DEXA analysis revealed a significant upregulation in the BMD in the MO treated group (p <0.001). The RT-PCR test showed a significant decline in RANKL gene expression and a significant rise in OPG gene expression in the MO group (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, respectively). The histopathological examination of the MO group displayed a marked healing of the jawbone micro-anatomy. The histomorphometric analysis also showed that the bone area percentage increased significantly in the MO group (p <0.05). Conclusion: A cheap, easy to get, yet a powerful plant like MO leaves, can be cosidered an effective treatment for osteoporosis (AU).

Objetivos: A osteoporose induzida por glicocorticóides e suas fraturas por fragilidade relacionadas representam um custo humano caro e carga socioeconômica em todo o mundo. Todas as terapias farmacológicas atuais possuem múltiplos efeitos adversos e alto custo. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a capacidade de cicatrização óssea de Moringa oleifera (MO) em osteoporose induzida na mandíbula de ratos albinos. Material e Métodos: A osteoporose foi induzida por uma injeção intraperitoneal diária de 200 µg / 100 g de dexametasona por 30 dias. A seguir, os animais foram divididos aleatoriamente em 2 grupos; grupo tratado com osteoporose e MO. O grupo tratado recebeu uma diária dose oral de 200 mg / kg de MO. Os ratos do grupo MO foram eutanasiados após 4 semanas do início do tratamento, e a mesma data de eutanásia foi usada para o grupo osteoporótico. A regeneração óssea foi avaliada por espectrometria de raio-x de energia dupla (DEXA), reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real (RT-PCR), análise histopatológica e histomorfométrica. Resultados: Após a eutanásia, a análise DEXA revelou uma regulação positiva significativa na DMO no grupo tratado com MO (p <0,001). O teste RT-PCR mostrou um declínio significativo na expressão do gene RANKL e um aumento significativo na expressão do gene OPG no grupo MO (p <0,001, p = 0,002, respectivamente). O exame histopatológico do grupo MO revelou uma cicatrização acentuada da microanatomia do maxilar. A análise histomorfométrica também mostrou aumento significativo na porcentagem de área óssea no grupo MO (p <0,05). Conclusão: A MO é uma planta barata, de fácil obtenção, e suas folhas ainda podem ser consideradas poderosas como tratamento eficaz para a osteoporose. (AU)